Added gateway overhead
The single number that is genuinely ours: how many milliseconds nRouter costs on top of the provider round-trip. A published study will report it at p50/p95/p99 and break it down by stage (auth, credit reserve, guardrails, routing, settle), so the number is auditable, not a black box. A pass-through request (no guardrails) is the floor case. No such study is published yet.